Glossary for Parking
The Glossary for Parking Management is to facilitate the basic understanding of Amano Parking Management products and services.
 
 
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
 
A
ABT Account Based Transactions. This refers to the online parking payment method via TNG ewallet account. Parking readers read the TNG card as reference and check balance from the tied up TNG eWallet account. Parking system deducts fare from the balance in eWallet account. 

In real world scenario, parking system always use ABT method. In case the eWallet accounts have low balance and without auto reload, parking system switches back to BAU. In case of Internet interruption, parking system only use BAU method. 
Access Control System       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_control
AI, Artificial Intelligence https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
Algorithm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm
Amano Parking App An app developed by Amano that integrates with Amano Cloud Parking Management System (CPMS). It allows season users to apply for and renew their season passes. The app also serves casual parkers by providing parking availability check, viewing parking records, and requesting e-invoices for parking fee claims from their employers.
Amazon EC2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Compute_Cloud
Anti-passback Anti-Passback prevents users from 'tailgating' through controlled areas by tracking the entry and exit counts. A user can only exit an area that they have already entered and can only enter an area that they previously exited. If a user tailgates onto a site, the exit keypad will deny exit to them because they are not logged into the area. If a user is onsite and tailgates off of the site, they will be denied exit next time they try to enter. Anti-Passback is a function that should only be used on High Security sites where users can be trained on its use.
Audit Trail Paper or 'electronic' trail that gives a step by step documented history of a transaction. It enables an examiner to trace the chronological records or data from the source document. The presence of a reliable and easy to follow audit trail is an indicator of good internal controls instituted by a firm or organization and forms the basis of objectivity.
Auto Payment Machine Automated payment machine, or can also be called auto pay station, pay on foot station, or pay and display machine, is set up on the way to parking lot exit or other proper location. 
• It offers self-service of parking fee collection to drivers.
• It also provides auto, humanized and safety management to parking lot

The auto pay station can accept bill, coin, bank card or other value card and support mobile payment. It can also give change in coin or bill if required.
B  
BAU Business As Usual. This refers to the conventional offline parking payment method via TNG cards. Parking readers read and deducts fare from the balance in TNG cards. 
Big Data https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_data
Boom Barrier https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boom_barrier
C  
Casual Parking Casual parking refers to short-term parking typically used by individuals who need a parking space for a limited duration, such as a few hours or a day. It is often offered in places like shopping malls, airports, city centers, and commercial areas where people need parking on an ad-hoc basis without committing to long-term parking arrangements. Fees for casual parking are usually charged on an hourly or daily basis, and payment can be made through various methods, such as parking meters, machines, or mobile apps.
CE

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CE_marking

Cloud Computing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
Cloud Surveillance Cloud surveillance is CCTV surveillance service that hosted and provided using Cloud Computing Technology.
CPMS
An acronym for “Cloud Parking Management System,” CPMS refers to Amano’s cloud-based parking management system. It is the core system developed by Amano to provide comprehensive management solutions for casual parking, season parking, valet parking, event parking, enforcement features, and more, allowing parking operators to efficiently manage their parking sites.
Credit Card At its core, a credit card is an instrument for a bank to pay for an item on your behalf, the amount of which you will owe the bank. In theory, when you pay for something with a credit card, that amount is not what you spent, but what you owe the bank. Each transaction you make with your credit card is tabulated in your credit card bill at the end of the monthly billing cycle. You are then required to pay the bank within a stipulated time frame (usually 20 days). Failure to do so will incur an interest rate of the outstanding amount you owe the bank.
D  
Dashboard (Business) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashboard_(business)
Data Analytics Data analytics (DA) is the process of examining data sets in order to draw conclusions about the information they contain, increasingly with the aid of specialized systems and software. Data analytics technologies and techniques are widely used in commercial industries to enable organizations to make more-informed business decisions and by scientists and researchers to verify or disprove scientific models, theories and hypotheses.
E
Ecosystem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem
Edge Computing https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_computing
E-Invoice E- Invoice: The e-Invoice applies to all taxpayers undertaking commercial activities in Malaysia. This includes businesses engaged in the provision of goods and services and certain non-business transactions between individuals. All individuals and legal entities are required to comply with e-invoice requirements.
Electric Car https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car
Enforcement Parking site is normally governed by certain parking rules and regulations that set by the parking site owner, to allow the enforcer to clamp the vehicle of and to fine the offender.
EV Charging Station https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charging_station
Event Parking The temporary area set aside for the parking of vehicles including parking stalls, open spaces, loading spaces, aisles, and entrances and exits to the area during a special event.
eWallet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_wallet
F  
G  
GPRS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Packet_Radio_Service
GPS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System
H  
Handicap Parking Space Usually designated by the universal handicap symbol on a sign posted in front of the space. These spaces provide parking to any vehicle displaying a handicap permit.
I
IP65 rating https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP65
IP camera https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_camera
IP Intercom  An IP intercom is an internet-connected device designed to transmit audio and video between two parties. The “IP” in IP intercom stands for Internet Protocol, which is a set of rules for routing and addressing data so that it can travel across the internet to the correct destination.
ISO 27001 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/IEC_27001:2013
J  
K  
L  
Loop Detector Vehicle detection loops, called inductive-loop traffic detectors, can detect vehicles passing or arriving at a certain point, for instance approaching a traffic light or in motorway traffic. An insulated, electrically conducting loop is installed in the pavement.
LPR, License Plate Recognition (or ANPR)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_number-plate_recognition
M  
Merchant Discount Rate, MDR The merchant discount rate, or MDR, is the rate charged to a merchant for the payment processing of debit and credit card transactions. The service is set up by the merchant, and they must agree or commit to the rate before accepting and/or authorizing eWallet, debit & credit card or TNG card etc. for payment processing. Merchant discount rate can also be defined as a bank fee charged to a merchant for taking payment from their customers through credit and debit cards for goods or services. The bank can lower the rate as sales of merchants increase. Merchants generally pay a 1% to 3% fee for the processing of payments for each transaction.
Multi-Tenant https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multitenancy
MyDebit MyDebit is a national debit card service in Malaysia, operated by Payments Network Malaysia Sdn Bhd (PayNet). It allows cardholders to make payments directly from their bank accounts using their ATM cards at participating merchants. The system works as a real-time, PIN-based transaction method, enabling users to make purchases at retail outlets, online platforms, and even pay for services like transportation and utilities. MyDebit promotes cashless transactions and is accepted by various businesses across Malaysia. It’s part of the government’s initiative to encourage digital payments and reduce dependency on physical cash, providing a more secure, efficient, and convenient payment method for both consumers and merchants.
N  
Nested Parking Nested parking means season parker will not be given allocation to a dedicated car park bay, and normally is an open space parking or roof top parking.
.Net https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.NET_Framework
NFC, Near Field Communication https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_field_communication
NRT Near Real Time. This is referring to NRT server, Near Real Time server deployed by TNG team at each parking sites. The NRT server sync data with TNG backend server, to collect active card ID and balances, blacklisted/void/expired card ID. Parking system must validate the customers' card ID with NRT server for card balance and validity. In case of low balance, or blacklisted/void/expired card ID, parking system blocks the customers to drive in or out. 
NVR, Network Video Recorder https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_video_recorder
O  
Occupancy Rate The percentage of spaces in a facility that are occupied.
OCR https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_character_recognition
Off Street Parking The construction cost for Off-street parking is relatively high. Off-street parking needs securing of land, paving, installation of a toll collection system, equipment, and construction of administrative buildings etc. Off street does not require enforcement and the facility can be operated solely by the private sector..
On Street Parking When vehicles are parked on the street, along with the sidewalk or anywhere on the street is called On-street parking. In some streets, you can always park your vehicle on the street, but sometimes there are restrictions. There are also on-street parking situations where you need a parking permit to park. The development cost of on-street parking is relatively low. On street parking needs some physical changes like painting, installation of signage, parking meters, etc. If terms of the operational arrangement, for on-street parking, inspection by traffic police or private sector is required.
ONVIF https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ONVIF
ORT On Real world Test. This is the trial run of parking system performed by TNG testers at the parking sites. All parking rules are configured, and the tester simulate car in and out, by tapping the TNG dedicated cards. Tester shall refer to the collection amounts from TNG backend server, to justify the system is working properly, before it can go live. 
P  
Parking Facility Generally defined as a building, structure, land, used or used for off-street parking of motor vehicles. This may be expanded to include bicycles.
Parking Guidance System The Parking Guidance System is a realtime guidance solution allowing drivers within a car park area to easily navigate to an available parking lot.
Parking Lot https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_lot
Patrol System https://www.timetecpatrol.com/guard_patrol_system
Parking Ticket/Summon An official notice put on your vehicle when you have parked illegally that tells you that you must pay a fine.
PCI-DSS Compliance The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is a set of security standards formed in 2004 by Visa, MasterCard, Discover Financial Services, JCB International and American Express. Governed by the Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council (PCI SSC), the compliance scheme aims to secure credit and debit card transactions against data theft and fraud.

While the PCI SSC has no legal authority to compel compliance, it is a requirement for any business that processes credit or debit card transactions. PCI certification is also considered the best way to safeguard sensitive data and information, thereby helping businesses build long lasting and trusting relationships with their customers.
Power over Ethernet or PoE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_over_Ethernet
Promotion Code A promotion code is a code offered by retailers to customers who can use it to receive a discounted price when buying products online.
PTZ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTZ_camera
Q  
QR Code https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_code
R  
Radar Detector Radar Detector: Radar Detector Sensor is used to control the lifting and lowering of the barrier gate boom to avoid hitting cars or pedestrians. The function is similar to the loop detector, but no wiring is required. The radar can intelligently identify pedestrians and vehicles, and preventing the dropping accidents of the barrier gate.
Receipt Printer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receipt_Printer
Reserved Parking Parking spaces that are set aside specifically for certain users normally but not limited to season parkers, rather than spaces that can be used by anyone.
RFID card https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification
RoHS, Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restriction_of_Hazardous_Substances_Directive
ROI, Return on Investment   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return_on_investment
RS232 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-232
RS485 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIA-485
S
Season Parking Season parking allows vehicle owner to park his/her vehicle on regular basis, near his/her home or workplace at a fixed monthly rate.
Setel Setel is a Malaysian mobile app for cashless payments at Petronas gas stations. Skip the queue and pay for petrol directly from your phone. Setel also offers loyalty programs and discounts. Setel eWallet also integrates with TimeTec LPR system to achieve seamless touchless and cashless parking experience for users.
Shared Parking Shared parking is defined as parking lots that are available as public parking during specified periods of time.
SLA, Service-Level Agreement

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-level_agreement

Software as a Service (SaaS) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_as_a_service
Software Development Kit (SDK) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development_kit
SSL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Socket_Layer
System Roles TimeTec is designed to provide restricted access to authorized users as permitted by the company. Different system role has different access to specific module in TimeTec.
T  
TCP/IP https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcp/ip
TID TID means “tag ID” and it refers to a unique serial number written to a RIFD microchip when the chip is manufactured. It cannot be altered. The tag ID differs from the serial number written to the tag after it is made. Some serial numbers may be programmed to the tag at the time the tag is manufactured, while others are programmed by the user after the chip’s acquisition. The TID and serial number are sometimes used together to confirm a tag’s authenticity. For example, a counterfeiter might buy microchips and program serial numbers to them to match serial numbers used by popular brands. But the brand owner could confirm a tag is fake by looking up whether it ever received tags with the TIDs in the counterfeit tags, even if the serial numbers looked the same as those it uses.
Touch ‘n Go https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_'n_Go
Touch ‘n Go eWallet https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touch_%27n_Go_eWallet
Touch 'n Go PayDirect Touch 'n Go PayDirect is a feature to allow the card users to insert and link the card number into eWallet account. The customers tap the cards to enter and exit car park, then parking fare are deducted from the eWallet balance instead of the cards balance. This is to avoid the customers to rely solely on the balance on the cards during parking operation.
Turnover Rate How often a parking space goes from being unoccupied to occupied and vice versa within a given period of time; often measured within the course of a day or hours of operation.
U  
UAT User Acceptance Testing. Mostly applies to software, which it is the final phase of the software testing process, where the intended users of the software test it in real-world conditions to verify if it meets their requirements and works as expected. UAT ensures that the software can handle required tasks in real-life scenarios, according to specifications. It is typically performed before the software is officially released or goes live.
UHF https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency
Ultrasonic Parking Guidance System Ultrasonic parking guidance system provides visual indication to driver while searching for a vacant parking spaces: ultrasonic sensor at each space monitors real-time occupancy and reports by changing color of individual lighted space indicator. 
Unattended Payment Terminal/Kiosk An unattended self-service payment terminal is where the customer will activate the transaction. This means that the payment devices need to be securely enclosed and tamper proof for a secure self-service solution. Unattended payments can be seen in train stations, car parks and vending machines and other temperamental environments due to the fact that they are IP 65 rated, and are therefore suitable for all weather types, and users. They are far more secure, but cost more.
V  
Valet Parking Valet Parking is a parking service offered by some restaurants, stores, and other businesses. In contrast to "self-parking", where customers find a parking space on their own, customers' vehicles are parked for them by a person called a valet. This service either requires a fee to be paid by the customer or is offered free of charge by the establishment.
Validation Parking validation is a system where businesses or organizations, such as restaurants, hotels, or shopping centers, offer to cover or reduce the parking fee for their customers. It is commonly used to encourage patrons to visit specific locations by providing a free or discounted parking experience. Typically, customers receive a stamp, code, or ticket that they can use at the parking facility to either get a discount or waive the parking fee entirely. Parking validation is often used as an incentive to attract more customers and improve convenience.
Validator Validator parking is referred to device uses to validate discounted parking activities.
Vehicle Counting System The Vehicle Counting System includes counting and displaying available parking bays. The ingresses and egresses of a counted area are equipped with controllers to keep track with the number of vehicles within the area and is reflected on the ‘No. of Available Parking Bays’ displays located at decision points – the entrance, ramps or between partitioned areas. It normally works with Parking Guidance System.
Video Parking Guidance System (VPGS) Video Parking Guidance includes the entry & exit control, car parking guidance and car location query with the help of License Plate Recognition and specialized surveillance camera with indicator light. With the help of parking query machine, visitors can search for the direction guide to their car at the same time they are able to preview snapshot or video footage of their parked location. The solution works well for large-scale parking lot in residential district, commercial site, government building, shopping complex and airports.
VSaaS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSaaS
W  
Web Application https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application
Wiegand https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiegand_interface
X  
Y  
Z  
Last updated: 1/10/2024
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